G/01/dvd/disney/bolt/Bolt1.jpg' alt='Bolt Video Download ' title='Bolt Video Download ' />High Clamping Force HolloBolt for Structural Connections HolloBolt, the original expansion bolt for structural steel offers a faster alternative to. The TiVo BOLT family is bringing it all together, with unified television. The TiVo BOLT is the shortest distance between you and your entertainment, because it. Main navigation. Home Products Services. Download Streaming Divx Movies Dinosaur. RUD sling and lashing systems. RUD sling systems. Lifting Points Lifting means Grade 12 ICE Lifting means Grade 10 VIP. History of the Bolt Nord Lock Group. At first glance, a bolt may seem like a very simple item that holds things together. But dig a bit deeper and youll realise theres more behind seemingly insignificant bolt and screws than first meets the eye. Without them, all our gadgets and machines would fall to pieces. First published in Bolted 2 2. Bolts are one of the most common elements used in construction and machine design. They hold everything together from screws in electric toothbrushes and door hinges to massive bolts that secure concrete pillars in buildings. Yet, have you ever stopped to wonder where they actually came from While the history of threads can be traced back to 4. BC, the most significant developments in the modern day bolt and screw processes were made during the last 1. Experts differ as to the origins of the humble nut and bolt. In his article Nuts and Bolts, Frederick E. Graves argues that a threaded bolt and a matching nut serving as a fastener only dates back to the 1. He bases this conclusion on the first printed record of screws appearing in a book in the early 1. However, Graves also acknowledges that even though the threaded bolt dates back to the 1. Roman times when it was used for barring doors, as pivots for opening and closing doors and as wedge bolts a bar or a rod with a slot in which a wedge was inserted so that the bolt could not be moved. He also implies that the Romans developed the first screw, which was made out of bronze, or even silver. The threads were filed by hand or consisted of a wire wound around a rod and soldered on. According to bolt expert Bill Eccles research, the history of the screw thread goes back much further. Archimedes 2. 87 BC2. BC developed the screw principle and used it to construct devices to raise water. However, there are signs that the water screw may have originated in Egypt before the time of Archimedes. It was constructed from wood and was used to irrigateland and remove bilge water from ships. But many consider that the screw thread was invented around 4. BC by Greek philosopher Archytas of Tarentum, who has often been called the founder of mechanics and considered a contemporary of Plato, Eccles writes on his website. The history can be broken down into two parts the threads themselves that date back to around 4. BC when they were used for items such as a spiral for lifting water, presses for grapes to make wine, and the fasteners themselves, which have been in use for around 4. Moving forward to the 1. Johann Gutenberg used screws in the fastenings on his printing presses. The tendency to use screws gained momentum with their use being extended to items such as clocks and armour. According to Graves, Leonardo da Vincis notebooks from the late 1. What the majority of researchers on this topic do agree on, though, is that it was the Industrial Revolution that sped up the development of the nut and bolt and put them firmly on the map as an important component in the engineering and construction world. The History of the Nut and Bolt Industry in America by W. R. Wilbur in 1. 90. Besson in France in 1. In 1. 64. 1, the English firm, Hindley of York, improved this device and it became widely used. Across the Atlantic in the USA, some of the documented history of the bolt may be found in the Carriage Museum of America. Nuts on vehicles built in the early 1. Making bolts at this time was a cumbersome and painstaking process. Initially, screw threads for fasteners were made by hand but soon, due to a significant increase in demand, it was necessary to speed up the production process. In Britain in 1. 76. J and W Wyatt introduced a factory process for the mass production of screw threads. However, this milestone led to another challenge each company manufactured its own threads, nuts and bolts so there was a huge range of different sized screw threads on the market, causing problems for machinery manufacturers. It wasnt until 1. Joseph Whitworth managed to find a solution. After years of research collecting sample screws from many British workshops, he suggested standardising the size of the screw threads in Britain so that, for example, someone could make a bolt in England and someone in Glasgow could make the nut and they would both fit together. His proposal was that the angle of the thread flanks was standardised at 5. While this issue was being addressed in Britain, the Americans were trying to do likewise and initially started using the Whitworth thread. In 1. 86. 4, William Sellers proposed a 6. This developed into the American Standard Coarse Series and the Fine Series. One advantage the Americans had over the British was that their thread form had flat roots and crests. This made it easier to manufacture than the Whitworth standard, which had rounded roots and crests. It was found, however, that the Whitworth thread performed better in dynamic applications and the rounded root of the Whitworth thread improved fatigue performance. During World War I, the lack of consistency between screw threads in different countries became a huge obstacle to the war effort during World War II it became an even bigger problem for the Allied forces. In 1. 94. 8, Britain, the USA and Canada agreed on the Unified thread as the standard for all countries that used imperial measurements. It uses a similar profile as the DIN metric thread previously developed in Germany in 1. This was a combination of the best of the Whitworth thread form the rounded root to improve fatigue performance and the Sellers thread 6. However, the larger root radius of the Unified thread proved to be advantageous over the DIN metric profile. This led to the ISO metric thread which is used in all industrialised countries today. Those working in the industry have witnessed much fine tuning of bolts during recent decades. When I started in the industry 3. Eccles. With the introduction of the modern metric property classes and the recent updates to the relevant ISO standards, the description of a bolts strength and the test methods used to establish their properties is now far better defined. As the raw materials industry has become more sophisticated, the DNA of bolts has changed from steel to other more exotic materials to meet changing industry needs. Over the last 2. 0 years there have been developments in nickel based alloys that can work in high temperature environments such as turbochargers and engines in which steel doesnt perform as well. Recent research focuses on light metal bolts such as aluminum, magnesium and titanium. Todays bolt technology has come a long way since the days when bolts and screws were made by hand and customers could only choose between basic steel nuts and bolts. These days, companies like Nord Lock have invented significant improvements in bolting technology, including wedge locking systems. Customers can select pre assembled zinc flake coated or stainless steel washers, wheel nuts designed for flat faced steel rims, or combi bolts, which are customised for different applications. The acquisition of US company Superbolt Inc. Swiss company P S Vorspannsysteme AG today Nord Lock AG has added bolting products used in heavy industry, such as offshore, energy, and mining, to Nord Locks portfolio, taking a huge step in becoming a world leader in bolt securing. There is also much more emphasis now on analysing joints. In the past, people used to decide upon a certain size of fastener based on their experience alone. And, fingers crossed, it would work, Eccles explains. Nowadays, people focus more on analysis and making sure things work before products are built and sent out into the market. Video Comparison of common bolt locking methods Video Tightening large bolts with only hand tools.